An active RFID system consists of a reader, an active tag and an antenna. Unlike passive RFID tags that simply contain an antenna and a microchip without an internal power supply, an active RFID tag has its own power supply, which is usually an integrated long-life battery that allows the tag to transmit data continuously and uninterruptedly, regardless of whether or not it is in the field of action of a reader.
Active RFID tags are typically powered by a battery that lasts between 1 and 2 years, but when the battery fails, the active tag needs to be replaced.
The functionality of the system depends entirely on the type of tag chosen for the application. Most active RFID tags are responsible for withstanding adverse environmental conditions, such as extreme temperatures and humidity.